The world of circuit designing revolves around the sole purpose of improving the overall performance of a circuit. Signal transmission over large distances introduces several disturbances like attenuation, distortion, and interference in the circuit.
The search for a viable solution to preserve signal integrity led designers to the development of filters. Let’s explore the different types of filters and the purpose they serve.
What is a Filter?
As the name suggests, a filter is an electronic circuit designed to filter out unwanted frequency components from the input signal. Used to fine-tune the response of the electrical network, these filters can operate over a large range of frequencies.
Based on their circuit components, there are two different types of electric filters.
Active Filters: Using amplifiers and other active elements, these filters require an external electrical source to power them.
Passive Filters: Based on resistors and other passive elements, these filters don’t require an external electric source to function.
Types of Filters
Depending on their functionality, filters can be divided into the following main types.
1. Low Pass Filter
As the name suggests, the circuit allows the passage of lower frequency components, while weeding out the high frequencies. The maximum frequency that’s allowable in the circuit is referred to as the cutoff frequency.
2. High Pass Filter
Contrary to the low pass filter, this filter allows the passage of high-frequency components while inhibiting the passing of lower frequencies. In this case, the minimum allowable frequency is termed as the cutoff frequency.
3. Bandpass Filter
If you want to design a filter that allows a specific band of frequencies to pass, while blocking the rest, bandpass filter is the design you’re looking for. Combination of the former two types, this filter allows a desired band of frequencies to pass through. Due to its design combination, it’s known as the derived filter.
4. Band Stop Filter
Contrary to the working of a bandpass filter, this filter prevents a specific band of frequencies from passing through, while allowing the rest.
5. All Pass Filter
As the name suggests, this design allows all the frequency components to pass through without altering their amplitude. Instead of tampering the magnitude of the signal, it only tampers the signal phase to achieve phase coherence and synchronization.
If you’re looking for high-quality and high-speed filter designs that can operate over a large frequency range, get in touch with ADSANTEC today. We have a selection of top of the line electronic component such as linear amplifiers, 4-bit ADC, error detectors, and transimpedance amplifiers.